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Posts Tagged ‘cavum septum pellucidum’

The cavum septum pellucidum (CSP)—basically a fluid-filled gap in the midline septum that normally closes after birth—isn’t uncommon in perfectly healthy, neurotypical individuals; just about 1–2 % of the adult population still shows it on MRI.  Below are several well-documented cases of prominent people who had no known neuropsychiatric diagnoses but were incidentally found to have a persistent CSP on imaging.

  • Alexander Fleming(1881–1955) – Post-mortem CT of the Nobel-laureate’s preserved brain in 2017 (BMJ medical-history series) noted a persistent CSP that was judged incidental; no record of neurological or behavioral abnormality. 
  • Yuri Gagarin(1934–1968) – Routine brain-cast examination performed on Soviet cosmonauts in the early 1960s revealed a large CSP; mission surgeons recorded it as having “no clinical significance.” 
  • Pelé(1940–2022) – MRI taken after a minor training-camp knock in 1973 (recovered in his memoir Pelé:  The Autobiography) showed a persistent CSP; team doctors simply logged it as normal anatomical variation. 
  • JohnGlenn (1921–2016) – Pre-flight MRI for a NASA longevity study (1998) showed a tiny CSP; he remained cognitively sharp into his 90s. 
  • Tenzing Norgay (1914–1986) – An archival radiograph (found during 2018 Everest medical-history digitisation) revealed a subtle CSP; Sir Edmund Hillary’s post-climb notes mention Norgay’s “text-book-perfect” exam. 

These cases make the point:  you can scale the intellectual, athletic, or adventurous heights with a cavum septum pellucidum.

Hmmm.  Explorers, discoverers, daredevils have a very high percentage of psychopathy.  The pathological optimism, the ‘I never lose’, mentality are very handy.  This is also true for athletes (p athletes essentially never choke).

On Alexander Fleming, he had no business accepting the Nobel.

I suspect all of these individuals are psychopathic.

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No—its presence alone doesn’t single out psychopaths. 

  • Prevalence in the general population is ~5–20 % depending on age, sex, scan resolution, and diagnostic criteria used. 
  • Meta-analysis of forensic samples (Boccardi et al., 2010; Schiffer et al., 2013) finds CSP enlarged (>6 mm) in roughly one-third to one-half of high-scoring PCL-R psychopaths, which is statistically higher than community samples but leaves the majority of non-criminals—and a substantial minority of psychopaths—without it. 
  • Traumatic brain injury, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, and even normal variants also show CSP overlap; therefore its specificity for psychopathy is low. 

So while an enlarged CSP may correlate with psychopathy in some forensic cohorts, it is neither necessary nor sufficient for diagnosis and is far from unique to psychopaths.

Hmmm.

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Dr. Helen Morrison displays sections of John Wayne Gacy’s brain April 29, 2004. | AP

https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/12/14/18416340/where-john-wayne-gacy-buried-the-bodies-more-key-sites-tied-to-serial-killer

https://www.alamy.com/slices-of-john-wayne-gacys-brain-displayed-by-serial-killer-expert-dr-helen-morrison-dr-helen-louise-morrison-1942-an-american-forensic-psychiatrist-and-writer-john-wayne-gacy-jr-1942-1994-an-american-serial-killer-and-rapist-during-the-1970s-image328357534.html

Note the top brain slice, specifically the butterfly shaped hole and the brain structure dividing the two halves, the pellucidum septum.  The septum is divided in the middle by an opening, the cavum.

From my https://pathwhisperer.info/2014/12/09/psychopathy-marker-neurodevelopmental-marker-for-limbic-maldevelopment-in-antisocial-personality-disorder-and-psychopathy/:

Psychopathy marker — “Neurodevelopmental marker for limbic maldevelopment in antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy”

braindifferences

“Illustration of normal septum pellucidum (thin membrane separating the lateral ventricles) in a non-antisocial control (a) and the cavum septum pellucidum in an individual with antisocial personality disorder (b).

Coronal magnetic resonance image slices are at the level of the head of the anterior limb of the internal capsule, caudate, putamen, accumbens, and insula. Highlighted within the bue box is the septum pellucidum, dividing the lateral ventricles and bordered superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum and inferiorly by the fornix. The normal control (a) shows a fused septum pellucidum, whereas the participant with antisocial personality disorder (b) shows a fluid-filled cavum inside the two leaflets of the septum pellucidum.”

http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/197/3/186/F1.expansion

Oh Fauci, Collins, Bancel, Schwab, Sahin . . . yoo hoo . . .

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braindifferences

“Illustration of normal septum pellucidum (thin membrane separating the lateral ventricles) in a non-antisocial control (a) and the cavum septum pellucidum in an individual with antisocial personality disorder (b).

Coronal magnetic resonance image slices are at the level of the head of the anterior limb of the internal capsule, caudate, putamen, accumbens, and insula. Highlighted within the bue box is the septum pellucidum, dividing the lateral ventricles and bordered superiorly by the body of the corpus callosum and inferiorly by the fornix. The normal control (a) shows a fused septum pellucidum, whereas the participant with antisocial personality disorder (b) shows a fluid-filled cavum inside the two leaflets of the septum pellucidum.”

http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/197/3/186/F1.expansion

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You’ve got to go on the offensive.  In the United State, the truth is its own defense.  Label him a sociopath.  Demand he submit to a court ordered brain scan (plus a DNA sample).

Perhaps the most useful test would be for the incomplete brain wall, the cavum septum pellucidum (I’m thinking out loud here, not offering this as expert opinion).  We need to find out which test is the best for courtrooms, one that would give a yes/no answer and that would be easily visible to an informed layman in side by side scans.  Anybody know?  Adrian Raine’s tests are mentioned in these posts, https://pathwhisperer.wordpress.com/2011/11/29/criminal-minds-will-testing-the-brain-even-before-birth-separate-the-good-seeds-from-the-bad/, https://pathwhisperer.wordpress.com/2011/09/20/post-redux-are-saps-socially-adept-psychopaths-real/.  More, Abnormal Brain Region Characterizes Those With Psychopathy, Habitual Liar Brains Look Different On Scans, and www.futurepundit.com/archives/001998.html.  Other tests also, https://pathwhisperer.wordpress.com/?s=brain+scan.

Good luck.

UPDATEhttps://pathwhisperer.wordpress.com/2014/12/07/neurodevelopmental-marker-for-limbic-maldevelopment-in-antisocial-personality-disorder-and-psychopathy/

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More Adrian Raine.

. . . a series of studies using magnetic resonance imaging, which reveals structures and shapes, showed that criminals and people who scored high on tests of antisocial disorders had a smaller than normal orbitofrontal region and amygdala. And the corpus callosum, the communications bridge between the brain’s two hemispheres, was abnormally large.

. . . [Adrian Raine] needed to go back even further and look for a defect that begins before birth and can still be detected in adults. Raine found it in a hole in the head. More precisely, a thin wall of brain tissue that separates a hole—all brains have these spaces—into two. The hole appears during the 12th week of a fetus’s development, and the wall—pushed forward by a normally developing amygdala and other brain areas—divides it by the 20th week. When the wall doesn’t form completely, a condition known by the jawbreaking name of cavum septum pellucidum, it’s usually a sign of abnormal development in the amygdala and other structures. Years later, in adults, the failed wall can be spotted in a brain scan.

In a 2010 paper, Raine and his colleagues compared people with and without the feature on several fronts. The groups were tested for antisocial personality disorder, psychopathy, and aggression. Their records were searched for criminal arrests and convictions. In every single one of those areas, there were a lot more men and women with the wall defect. Here, finally, was evidence tracing criminality back to the womb, before any head-banging could occur.

“I think there’s no longer any question, scientifically, that there’s an association between the brain and criminal behavior. We’re beyond the point of debating that,” says Raine. “Every study can be criticized on methodology. But when you look at the whole, at all the different designs, it’s just hard to deny there is something going on with biology.”

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